1 9 8 0	PHYSICS  James W. Cronin (USA) and Val. L. Fitch (USA) The discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons.
	CHEMISTRY Paul Berg (USA) His fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA . & Walter Gilbert (USA) and Frederick Sanger (USA/UK) Their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids.
	LITERATURE Czeslaw Milosz (Poland, USA) Who, with uncompromising clear-sightedness, voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts.
	PEACE Adolfo Perez Esquivel (Argentina) Architect, sculptor and human rights leader.
	ECONOMICS Lawrence R. Klein (USA) For the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Baruj Benacerraf (USA), Jean Dausset (France) and George D. Snell (USA) For their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions.
1 9 8 1	PHYSICS Nicolaas Bloembergen (USA) and Arthur L. Schawlow (USA) Their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy. & Kai M. Siegbahn (Sweden) His contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy.
	CHEMISTRY Kenichi Fukui (Japan) and Roald Hoffman (USA) Their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions.
	LITERATURE Elias Canetti (UK) For writings marked by a broad outlook, a wealth of ideas and artistic power.
	PEACE Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
	ECONOMICS James Tobin (USA) For his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Roger W. Sperry (USA) For his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres. & David H. Hubel (USA) and Thorten N. Wiesel (USA) For their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system.
1 9 8 2	PHYSICS Kenneth G. Wilson (USA) His theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions.
	CHEMISTRY Sir Aaron Klug (UK) His development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nuclei acid-protein complexes.
	LITERATURE Gabriel Garcia Marquez (Colombia) For his novels and short stories, in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in a richly composed world of imagination, reflecting a continent's life and conflicts.
	PEACE Alva Myrdal (Sweden) Former Cabinet Minister, diplomat, delegate to United Nations General Assembly on Disarmament, writer. & Alfonso Garcia Robles (Mexico) Diplomat, delegate to the United Nations General Assembly on Disarmament, former Secretary for Foreign Affairs .
	ECONOMICS George J. Stigler (USA) For his seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Sune K. Bergstrom (Sweden), Bengt I. Samuelsson (Sweden) and Sir John R. Vane (UK) For their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances.
1 9 8 3	PHYSICS Subramanyan Chandrasekhar (USA) His theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars. & William A. Fowler (USA) His theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe.
	CHEMISTRY Henry Taube (Canada) His work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes.
	LITERATURE Sir William Golding (UK) For his novels which, with the perspicuity of realistic narrative art and the diversity and universality of myth, illuminate the human condition in the world of today.
	PEACE Lech Walesa (Poland) Founder of Solidarity, campaigner for human rights.
	ECONOMICS Gerard Debreu For having incorporated new analytical methods into economic theory and for his rigorous reformulation of the theory of general equilibrium.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Barbara McClintock (USA) For her discovery of mobile genetic elements.
1 9 8 4	PHYSICS Carlo Rubbia (Italy) and Simon Van Der Meer (The Netherlands) Their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction.
	CHEMISTRY Robert Bruce Merrifield (USA) His development of methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix.
	LITERATURE Jaroslav Seifert (Czechoslovakia) For his poetry which endowed with freshness, sensuality and rich inventiveness provides a liberating image of the indomitable spirit and versatility of man.
	PEACE Desmond Mpilo Tutu (South Africa) Bishop of Johannesburg, former Secretary General South African Council of Churches (S.A.C.C.). for his work against apartheid.
	ECONOMICS Sir Richard Stone (UK) For having made fundamental contributions to the development of systems of national accounts and hence greatly improved the basis for empirical economic analysis.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Niels K. Jerne (Denmark), Georges J. F. Kohler (Germany) and Cesar Milstein (Argentina, UK) For theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies.
1 9 8 5	PHYSICS Klaus von Klitzing (West Germany) The discovery of the quantized Hall effect.
	CHEMISTRY Herbert A. Hauptman (USA) and Jerome Karle (USA) Their outstanding achievements in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures.
	LITERATURE Claude Simon (France) Who in his novel combines the poet's and the painter's creativeness with a deepened awareness of time in the depiction of the human condition.
	PEACE International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (USA)
	ECONOMICS Franco Modigliani (USA) For his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Michael S. Brown (USA) and Joseph L. Goldstein (USA) For their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.
1 9 8 6	PHYSICS Ernst Ruska (West Germany) His fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope. & Gerd Binnig (West Germany) and Heinrich Rohrer (Switzerland) Their design of the scanning tunneling microscope.
	CHEMISTRY Dudley R. Hershbach (USA), Yuan T. Lee (USA) and John C. Polanyi (Canada) Their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes.
	LITERATURE Wole Soyinka (Nigeria) Who in a wide cultural perspective and with poetic overtones fashions the drama of existence.
	PEACE Elie Wiesel (USA) Chairman of 'The President's Commission on the Holocaust'. Author, humanitarian.
	ECONOMICS James M. Buchanan, Jr. (USA) For his development of the contractual and constitutional bases for the theory of economic and political decision-making.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Stanley Cohen (USA) and Rita Levi-Montalcini (Italy & USA) For their discoveries of growth factors.
1 9 8 7	PHYSICS J. Georg Bednorz (West Germany) and K. Alexander Muller (Switzerland) Their important breakthrough in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials.
	CHEMISTRY Donald J. Cram (USA), Jean-Marie Lehn (France) and Charles J. Pedersen (USA) Their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity.
	LITERATURE Joseph Brodsky (USA) For an all-embracing authorship, imbued with clarity of thought and poetic intensity.
	PEACE Oscar Arias Sanchez (Costa Rica) President of Costa Rica, initiator of peace negotiations in Central America.
	ECONOMICS Robert M. Solow (USA) For his contributions to the theory of economic growth.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Susumu Tonegawa (Japan) For his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity.
1 9 8 8	PHYSICS Leon M. Lederman (USA), Melvin Schwartz (USA) and Jack Steinberger (USA) The neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino.
	CHEMISTRY Johann Deisenhofer (Germany, USA), Robert Huber (Germany) and Hartmut Michel (Germany) The determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction center.
	LITERATURE Naguib Mahfouz (Egypt) Who, through works rich in nuance-now clearsightedly realistic, now evocatively ambigous-has formed an Arabian narrative art that applies to all mankind.
	PEACE The United Nations Peace-Keeping Forces
	ECONOMICS Maurice Allais (France) For his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE Sir James W. Black (UK), Gertrude B. Elion (USA) and George H. Hitchings (USA) For their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment.
1 9 8 9	PHYSICS Norman F. Ramsey (USA) The invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks. & Hans G. Dehmelt (USA) and Wolfgang Paul (West Germany) The development of the ion trap technique.
	CHEMISTRY Sidney Altman (USA, Canada) and Thomas R. Cech (USA) Their discovery of catalytic properties of RNA.
	LITERATURE Camila Jose Cela (Spain) For a rich and intensive prose, which with restrained compassion forms a challenging vision of man's vulnerability.
	PEACE The 14th Dalai Lama [Tenzin Gyatso] (Tibet) Religious and political leader of the Tibetan people.
	ECONOMICS Trygve Haavelmo (Norway) For his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures.
	PHYSIOLOGY & MEDICINE J. Michael Bishop (USA) and Harold E. Varmus (USA) For their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes.